Axillary nerve

src: www.epainassist.com

The axillary nerve or neural circumflex is the nervous human body, derived from the brachial plexus (the upper trunk, posterior division, posterior cord) at the axilla level and carrying the nerve fibers from C5 and C6. The axillary nerve travels through the rectangular space with the circumflex circumflex circumflex artery and veins.

Video Axillary nerve

Structure

The nerve lies initially behind the axillary artery, and in front of the subscapularis, and passes down to the lower limit of the muscle.

Then the wind back, in the company with the circumflex circumferential humeral artery, through a rectangular space confined on top by a minor teres, below by the main teres, medial by the long head of the tricep brachii, and laterally by the humerus surgical neck, and split into anterior branches , posterior, and collateral to the long head of triseps brachii branch.

• The anterior branch (upper branch) winds around the humerus surgical neck, beneath the deltoid muscle, with the posterior humeral flexural vessels. This continues as far as the deltoid anterior boundary to provide the innervation of the motor. The anterior branch also secretes several small skin branches, which puncture the muscles and supply the lining of the skin.
• The posterior branch (lower branch) supplies the minor and posterior part of the deltoid. The posterior branch penetrates the inner fascia and continues as the superior (or upper) lateral skin cutaneous nerve, which sweeps around the posterior border of the deltoid and supplies the skin above the two thirds of the posterior portion of this muscle, as well as covering the long head of the tricep brachii.
• The motor branch of the long triseps brachii head appears, on average, a distance of 6 mm (range 2-12 mm) from the terminal division of the posterior cord termination.
• The axillary nerve removes an articular filament that enters the shoulder joint under the subscapularis.

Variations

Traditionally, the axillary nerve is thought to only supply deltoids and minor teres. However, some studies on corpses show that the long head of the tricep brachii is supplied by the axillary nerve branches.

Maps Axillary nerve

Function

The axillary nerve supplies the two muscles in the arm: the deltoid (shoulder muscle), and the minor teres (one of the rotator cuff muscles).

The axillary nerve also carries sensory information from the shoulder joint, as well as the skin covering the inferior areas of the deltoid muscle - the area of ​​"regimen lesion" (supplied by the superior cutaneous nerve branches of the axillary nerve).

The brachial plexus cord is divided inferiorly with the glenohumeral joint causing the axillary nerve that wraps the humerus surgical neck, and the radial nerve that wraps around the anterior humerus and descends along the lateral border.

src: i.ytimg.com

Clinical interests

The axillary nerve may be injured in the anterior-inferior dislocation of the shoulder joint, axillary compression with crutches or a humerus surgical neck fracture. Examples of injury to the axillary nerve include the armpit nerve palsy. Injury to the nerve causes:

• Small muscle paralysis and deltoid teres muscle, resulting in loss of arm abduction (from 15-90 degrees), weak flexion, extension, and shoulder rotation. Deltoid paralysis and minor muscle teres produce a flat shoulder deformity.
• The loss of sensation to the skin above a small portion of the lateral upper arm (the area known as the regimen's patch).

src: i.ytimg.com

Additional images

src: anatomyclass01.us

See also

• Axillary dysfunction

src: i.ytimg.com

References

This article combines text in the public domain of page 934 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

src: cdn1.teachmeseries.com

External links

• Axillary_nerve in the Duke University Health Systems Orthopedic program

Source of the article : Wikipedia